[33]). 2009. influenced yield and quality of pumpkin. Pollen competition in a natural population of. Based on the average price per pound and average yield per acre, the estimated “average” gross was $1,928 per acre. Floral visitors vary in cumulative pollen deposition because of variation in both visitation rates and the amount of pollen transferred during a visit [23,26]. Starchy Food. Holzschuh A, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T. = 6900, n = 8). According to Ne'eman et al. Ali M, Saeed S, Sajjad A, Bashir MA. After acetolysis, glycerol 50% was added to the extracted pollen to a total volume of 0.5 ml. Nicodemo D, Nogueira Couto RH, Malheiros EB, de Jong D. 2017. For each pollinator, the values of d¯ are shown as a large circle (bumblebees), a triangle (honeybees) and a square (halictid bees). • Yield Percentage = EPQ/APQ or 42.5 pounds/50 pounds =.85*100 = 85% . Given the high variability of pollen numbers in deposits obtained with this method, we changed the method in 2015, when we used a metal wire (tip diameter 1 mm) or a nail head (diameter 2.4 mm) in several repetitions and combinations to transfer seven levels of pollen to stigmas (electronic supplementary material, table S1). Nevertheless, our yield estimates are not precise owing to the possible variation of all input variables. 2014. (1750 ÷ 2500) × 100 = 70% for the tenderloin (5000 ÷ 7750) × 100 = 64.51% for the salmon (400 ÷ 750) × 100 = 53.33% for the canned tuna The area has a temperate climate with annual mean temperatures around 11°C and 700 mm of annual precipitation on average. 1987. contributed to the statistical analysis and writing; M.H.E. Nicodemo D, Couto RHN, Malheiros EB, de Jong D. Pumpkins in the 10- to 25-pound range are primarily used for fall decorations, carved into jack-o-lanterns, but can also be used for processing. We could not visually verify the contact with the stigma by halictid bees while they were descending and ascending the flower, but we assume that they did make contact if they reached the nectaries. After the pollen grains had sedimented by centrifugation, the supernatant was removed with a micropipette and glycerol 50% was added to the pollen pellet to make up 5 ml (in 2012) and 1 ml (in 2015) (based on Vidal et al. Thus, high pollination levels must be ensured to increase yield stability [9]. (You need 24 cups.) Place the lid on and shake slightly. 2010. Soil temperatures should be at least 18°C for the best germination of seeds to occur. For example, bananas, at a 68% yield, means that you throw away 32% of the banana (the peel), use the other 68% of it, and obviously pay for the whole thing. A recipe for a pumpkin cinnamon sourdough bread with a delicate pumpkin flavor and sweet cinnamon—perfect for fall time! The pumpkin has an edible portion yield of 43%. Second, we have not considered how the probability of fruit set may vary with plant age. On each occasion, we recorded four 15 min long videos each surveying a different female pumpkin flower. Approximately 15 percent of the pumpkin acreage is used to make processed pumpkin products. 2005. Stephenson AG, Devlin B, Horton JB. This page provides the prefecture list based on the average data between 2006 and 2018, which is the main producer of [Pumpkin] in Japan. All statistical analyses were conducted in R v. 3.2.2 [34]. Kuginuki Y, Kawaide T, Kanno T (1994) Screening methods for varietal dif- Poir). (n = 42) and halictid bees (Halictini, size: 5–10 mm, more than 50% Lasioglossum malachurum, n = 33). For each bee group, the box plots present the median, quartiles and range in the conventional style and the accompanying scatter depicts the individual observations. From the videos, we extracted for each bee group the visitation rates and their flower handling time (H = the entire duration the bee spent on and in the flower, from landing until leaving). Japan total about [Pumpkin] Yield amount : 211,800(t) Crop Acreage : 16,600(ha) higher rank prefectures yield amount / cultivation area (2013) Pumpkin - Yield ranking 1. We also observed that pollinator visits were most effective early in the morning when more pollen was available at the anthers for transfer by bees ([19]; electronic supplementary material, figure S1). Values for the unsampled second and fourth intervals (i.e. 4 Tip: Certain conditions may affect your yield percentage: • An employee’s skill in cleaning the product will have an enormous effect on the yield percentage – skilled employees will not create as much waste Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. According to this relationship, 95% of the maximum level of fruit set (a = 41%) occurs when approximately 2500 pollen grains have been deposited on a flower's stigma (dashed lines). The first female flower is the flower that blooms as the first in the flowering period. We conducted our studies in 2012, 2014 and 2015 in 26 commercial C. maxima cv. For each bee group, we tested the following potential explanatory variables for SVD: length (only for halictid bees), handling time, time of day of visit and their interactions, and we dropped non-significant terms (p > 0.1) from final models. Generating an ePub file may take a long time, please be patient. The pollen deposition of a halictid bee visit tended to increase with body size (grains = 10(0.168 + 0.170l) − 1; t27 = 2.0, p = 0.052, R2 = 0.10). Sales of those items totaled more than $360 million in 2015. Bumblebees deposited almost six times more pollen grains per single visit (mean ± s.d., SVD =3369 ± 2473, n = 41) than honeybees (SVD = 582 ± 752, n = 43; t = 9.11, p < 0.001) and 75 times more than halictid bees (SVD = 45 ± 76, n = 33; t = 16.8, p < 0.001). Keywords: medicinal pumpkin, oil yield, plant growth regulator, planting method Introduction Research on crop seeds in the entire world indicated that seeds contain a high percentage of protein and espe-cially oil that … Chapter 3. As fruit set is a binary variable, we used a binomial distribution to model the statistical error in the proportion of harvestable pumpkins. Dashed lines indicate the percentage of the extant visit rate that is required to produce 90% of the currently attainable yield (i.e. The handling time at individual flower visits was very variable, but differed significantly among bee groups. Rabbit: 1 average: 1 1/2 cups cooked meat. 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